Close to the solar surface, variation of rotation rate with latitude and time from which a temporal average has been subtracted, revealing banded zonal flows migrating toward the equator. [Color table has faster rotation as red/yellow, slower as green/blue, covering a range of +/- 1.5 nHz]

For more details, see

Howe, R., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., Hill, F., Komm, R. W., Larsen, R. M., Schou, J., Thompson, M. J., & Toomre, J. 2000, Astrophysical Journal 533L, 163 Deeply Penetrating Banded Zonal Flows in the Solar Convection Zone,

Howe, R., Rempel, M., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., Hill, F., Komm, R., Larsen, R. M., Schou, J., & Thompson, M. J. 2006, Astrophysical Journal Solar Convection Zone Dynamics: How Sensitive Are Inversions to Subtle Dynamo Features?

Howe, R., Komm, R., Hill, F., Ulrich, R., Haber, D. A., Hindman, B. W., Schou, J., & Thompson, M. J. 2006, Solar Physics Large-Scale Zonal Flows Near the Solar Surface

Howe, R., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., Hill, F., Komm, R., Schou, J., & Thompson, M. J. 2005, Astrophysical Journal Solar Convection-Zone Dynamics, 1995-2004

This image uses a continuous sequence of nearly 13 years' combined MDI and GONG data.